Cause and Effect Research Paper Tips

Students who study at college or university are obliged to learn writing various kinds of research papers. One of the most important and useful types of research is cause and effect, because student has to present the situation, problem, event and analyze its effect and importance. The task seems to be quite simple but many students fail it because of lack of experience, training and knowledge. If you want to complete a high-quality cause and effect research paper, you have to pay much time to the studying of the topic and its main points and follow brief professional cause and effect research paper writing tips below which will make your work easier and more productive.

Cause and Effect Research Paper Writing Guidelines:

1. To begin with, choose the best topic which totally suits you. Try to select the most interesting topic, so that you can devote much time to its analysis and get pleasure from doing it. After that create a good thesis statement which reflects the problem of the topic, the purpose of the research and the reason why you thing it is urgent and worth investigation. Of course, in order to make the research interesting for the readers, try to brainstorm a controversial arguable thesis statement to analyze the topic from all sides and draw different conclusions.
    
2. As you understand a cause and effect research paper requires strict logical organization. You begin from the introductory part presenting the problem, its roots, reasons and develop the explanation of the problem gradually. Paragraph after paragraph you will illustrate the whole problem and then show its effect on the surrounding world, environment, political situation, etc. Evidently, if you want to provide the readers with the reliable cause of the problem, you have to collect trustworthy data from high-quality sources, analyze it and arrange it logically in the text. Remember about the problem of plagiarism and never steal the ideas of talented scholars, always cite their thoughts and expressions but do not overload the text with them.
    
3. When you present the ideas of different scholars towards the problem, you will make you own image of its effect on the world. You are free to argue or support the thoughts and positions of famous writers, scientists but support your ideas with reliable evidence. Include graphs, statistics, interviews, tables to create a trustworthy image of the paper. Finally, you are ready to summarise your research with a wise conclusion. State that there are many controversial points in the problem but all are worth existing, or choose the favourite effect which you probably like or believe to exist.
    
4. Presenting the text of the cause and effect research paper, try to make it formal, fill it with good vocabulary and avoid first or second person pronouns.

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Summarizing Exercise Essay

1. In scrambling, one of the most dangerous mountaineering sports, the weight of the backpack and the ability to balance play a vital role, since the fall either backward or forward is maintained primarily by the weight of the pack, making balancing rather difficult and keeping the individual cautious at all times (Gruchow 163).

In scrambling, one of the most dangerous mountaineering sports, the weight of the backpack and the ability to balance play a vital role, since the fall either backward or forward is maintained primarily by the weight of the pack, making balancing rather difficult and keeping the individual cautious at all times (Gruchow, 1988, p. 163).

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2. In his book Grizzly Years, a well-known animal expert, Doug Peacock suggests the grizzly bears to be similar to the representatives of the modern mankind, having such traits in common as: the feeling of joy, risk-taking, and appreciation of privacy(104).

In his book Grizzly Years,(1990) a well-known animal expert, Doug Peacock suggests the grizzly bears to be similar to the representatives of the modern mankind, having such traits in common as: the feeling of joy, risk-taking, and appreciation of privacy (p. 104).

3. On page 161 of his 1991 book Perfect Health, Deepak Chopra, states that the reason why severe and provoking tactics are used nowadays to treat addictions of different kinds lies in the fact that in order to be cured, the patients should be constantly and coercively reminded what they should not return to, and become as strong of haters of the ex-addiction as they were the adherents.

4. It has been proved that being different from men women show dissimilar tactics when starting up a business, one of these tactics is consulting another woman who has achieved something in the interested field, which encourages the women and gives them more self-confidence to start up a new enterprise (Price, 1994, p. 73).

It has been proved that being different from men women show different tactics when starting up a business, one of these tactics is consulting another woman who has achieved something in the interested field, which encourages the women and gives them more self-confidence to start up a new enterprise (Price, 73).

5. Today more and more we hear about the groups of teenagers who hurt, injure or kill their coevals, without any remorse or regret, such acts are usually done from the desire to fit into the group of peers or maintain the leading positions, this problem is becoming frightening indeed, as implied in the book Teen Violence Explodes in Cities by John Greer (Greer, 28-36).

Today more and more we hear about the groups of teenagers who hurt, injure or kill their coevals, without any remorse or regret, such acts are usually done from the desire to fit into the group of peers or maintain the leading positions, this problem is becoming frightening indeed, as implied in the book Teen Violence Explodes in Cities (1995) by Greer (Greer, p. 28-36).

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Essay on Anxiety Disorders

Sample Essay on Anxiety Disorders

Affecting approximately 10% of all youngsters under the age of 18, anxiety disorders are among the second most common psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents.

With this numbers in mind, a trained clinician assessing a child with anxiety problems should pay attention at the limitations and challenges he or she might face.

As an example, let us consider the faced when assessing a child with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. The first complication one might encounter is the influence of office atmosphere upon the child during the examination. Children may simply not show symptoms during the appointment if they are able to control their behavior for short periods of time (hyperactive/impulsive type) or appear to pay attention (inattentive type) at the doctor’s office.

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Children (especially younger) may have difficulty talking about their behavior, and also be unaware, or unwilling to admit, that their difficulties or behavior may indicate symptoms of a disorder, which, in turn, complicates the assessing.

When counseling a child, it is preferable to ask specific and detailed questions about symptoms, and in addition interview parents, teachers or other caregivers, who are able to describe the child’s behaviors more accurately. The parent needs to be continually part of communication between the teacher and the doctor.

Another challenge to assessing is the fact that, as a child grows, symptoms vary and their appearance may change, therefore, to determine the appropriate diagnosis, it is often better to see a child over time.

When counseling a child with ADHD it is also important to remember that other behavioral conditions may look like ADHD or may co-exist with this disorder (e.g. the conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder, etc). Mood disorders (e.g. depression and bipolar disorder) influence the child’s ability to pay attention, and are often preceded by ADHD.

The misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder as ADHD can lead to inappropriate treatment resulting in rapid cycling or mania. Anxiety disorders (like generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobias, separation anxiety disorder and panic disorder) may look like ADHD, because a child’s anxiety can produce difficulty concentrating or agitation.

When assessing a child, it is important to obtain additional information thorough relevant laboratory tests and physical examinations upon the child’s background (e.g. abuse, the cases of physical trauma, neglect, caffeine and medical conditions (like hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, seizure disorders, genetic conditions, sleep disorders, head trauma, and toxic exposures) can cause ADHD-like symptoms of hyperactivity or problems with paying attention.

Medical, educational, and behavioral history, plus the developmental survey, evidence of normal vision and hearing, and recognition of any systemic illness constitute a comprehensive evaluation for ADHD. The prevailing criteria are contained in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association--Fourth Edition--Text Revision, known as DSM-IV. Making a diagnosis based solely on a diagnostic checklist is inadequate – it should be based on the history and clinical observation reviewing the individual’s current and past life. Additionally, clear impairment of functioning in at home and school and the presence of 6 of the 9 inattention or hyperactivity symptoms as specified in the DSM-IV are necessary to make that diagnosis.

Psychological testing, although not diagnostically helpful, can detect the possible coexistence of learning disabilities. Conservative estimates of the prevalence of learning disorders among children with ADHD are about 20-25%.

When children attend a counseling session for assessment they may face uneasiness and anxiety, or, on the contrary, stay mute. This occurs due to the temporary loss of significant people, familiar surroundings and special items (like toys, etc.). It is extremely important to address their needs of safety and comfort and to provide a respective environment. This might include the participation of the caregiver or a private item. The inattentive type of ADHD-diagnosed children might benefit from a place with no extra distraction, but not a hostile medical office, but rather a place of mutual trust.

Counseling children with ADHD takes a lot of encouragement and support. Therefore, it is of vital importance to coach a family about what they can reasonably expect from their child and the means to stimulate positive response upon the requests from him or her.

The specialist trying to formulate a therapeutic relationship with these children might also encounter certain problems, like a problem of sharing necessary information (sometimes children – especially younger ones – are unable to answer the questions properly or even reluctant to do so). The children’s perceptions of closeness with their therapists are often associated with their perceptions of closeness with their mothers, their own age, and welfare status of the family. The more coincidence there is, the better relationship becomes, and the more benefits could be gained from the counseling process.

Generally, children are much more emotionally vulnerable and family (caregiver)-dependent, which on the one hand complicates the counseling but at the same time it provides additional opportunities of making parent-teacher-therapist alliances that might be beneficial for both the child and the assessing process itself. It is important to develop emotional sensitivity, mindfulness, compassion validation and empathic understanding that comprehend truly effective therapeutic relationship.

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Essay on Polish Culture

The performance of the Mazowsze Polish dancers, singer and musicians, which took place on November 24 in the Verizon Hall at the Kimmel Center in Philadelphia became a very bright and interesting cultural event. The Mazowsze folk ensemble is very popular all over the world. High quality of performance and adherence to national traditions become the main reasons of its popularity. The performance of this ensemble helps people from all over the world to get an idea about Polish folk art and culture. Mazowsze was founded by Tadeusz Sygietynski and Mira Zimenska-Sybietynska in 1948. Originally the Mazowsze ensemble was created with the intention to save Polish original art and culture. This idea was supported by the Ministry of Culture of Poland.

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The Polish culture is a unique combination of Latinate and Byzantine cultures. Many local ethnic groups, who lived on the territory of modern Poland, added to the cultural diversity of this country. The Polish culture can be generally characterized by the combination of different cultures and lifestyles. This country incorporates Eastern and Western customs, traditions and styles. Traditional Polish costumes combine Eastern style with Islamic elements. For the most part Polish songs are monophonic but they can also be suitable for dancing. The themes of Polish folk songs reflect the history and identity of the people. Many songs are dedicated to the historic events; others describe the themes of love, friendship, betrayal, etc.

Mazowsze ensemble was created during the difficult time when the cultural identity of Poland was under threat. With the flow of time it helped not only to save Polish culture, but also to popularize it all over the world. The troupe perfectly reproduces the national spirit. It gives an opportunity to people, who are not familiar with the Polish art, to form an opinion about it. The costumes of the ensemble reflect national clothing of many regions of Poland.

The debut at the Kimmel Center became a bright and picturesque event. The ensemble consisted of around 100 singers and dancers, who performed in more than 1500 costumes. During the show they presented dances from 15 different regions of Poland. The members of the troupe projected the national spirit, which contained a mix of emotions, humour and rich musical expressions. The songs from Hrubiezow fascinated the audience with melodic and romantic sounds while the songs from the Kjelce region cheered up the public. Several songs, dedicated to the coming holiday season, displayed strong religious values. All songs were very melodic and even without understanding the words the audience was able to hear the message conveyed by the artists.

Wonderful choreography was accompanied by nice music. Bright and lively compositions, where music sounded so nice that it was hard not to start dancing, were changed by lyric and melodic themes, which touched the very depth of my soul. During the dances smiling dancers moved so naturally and organically that the entire stage seemed to be a mixture of colours, sounds and joy. Lyrical compositions made nice combination of wonderful play and singing. Traditional Polish instruments sounded so nice that it seemed sometimes that I could hear the very spirit of these people, who make such wonderful music and put so much soul in it. Polish music is a combination of touching sounds and very melodic passes between them. When the song starts, you feel poured in to the melody and can not think about anything else but tender, appealing and deep sounds, which capture all your attention and make follow them.

The national dance from Krakow, called Krakowiak, filled the audience with the true polish spirit. It originated from the Malopolska region of Poland. Krakowiak inspired many Polish composers, such as Chopin, Paderewski and Szymanowski. It was very interesting to see this famous dance in a perfect performance of Mazowsze troupe which is known specifically for performing national Polish dances. During the dance performances I could feel the rhythm of the music and enjoyed watching the dance movements. The dances captured the Polish spirit and reflected the performers’ national identity.

Integration and globalization, which became a big part of the modern world, assumed not the absorption of one nation by another, but rather an interconnection and creation of closer ties between different nations. That is the reason why sharing national identities and getting closer to other cultures is so important. I believe that Mazowsze troupe gives a perfect opportunity for everybody interested in Polish art and culture to get to know it better. Poland is a European country and its unique history gives it a rich cultural heritage. Originally situated between East and West, this country united the best achievements of many cultures of the world. At the same time it combined the inputs from different cultures in the unique manner and created its own national identity. The globalization has raised the level of interest to different cultures and their folklore. The rich Polish art has a lot to offer to the world and Mazowsze presents it in a way which appeals to many people from different cultures.

What I really enjoyed was that people of Polish descent as well as the people of other nationalities enjoyed the performance. This indicates the high proficiency of the troupe. It is natural that this folk art appeals to the polish people, since this culture is native for them, but when the people of other cultures enjoy the performance, it demonstrates the universal language of art.

I enjoyed the performance not only because it gave me the insight into another lifestyle and culture, but also because the singers and dancers were magnificent. The costumes recreated the spirit of different regions and historical epochs of Poland. I would recommend this show not only to those, who are interested in Polish art and culture, but also for people, who appreciate folk art of high quality. Attending a show like that is a best way to get acquainted with different cultures and to get an aesthetic pleasure from the performance of high level.

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"Chocolate" Movie Essay

Speaking about the movie that had a great impact on me, I would like to mention movie "Chocolate"with Juliet Binoche and Johnny Depp starring. It is not the new one, but one of my favorite.

This movie had a great influence on me, as it made to ask myself primarily whether I do what I want and whether I have enough strength to do what I want regarding any circumstances. People should listen to their hearts- it is the key to happiness and creativity. And we were created to be creative, to open new horizons and to reveal our true personalities.

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When I followed Vianne, the main heroine, I have understood that each person has an internal strength to do what he or she wants to, and the most difficult task is to allow ourselves to do those particular things.

After watching the movie for the first time, I was not sleeping nearly for the whole night. It turned my world view upside down. I was thinking a lot about the role of Church, religion and faith in my life. It is not right to go to the church just if your family does so or the society you are in. Going to the church and having faith in your heart are two different things. Church should not be compulsory and a person cannot be judged according to whether he shows up his faith or not. Faith is something that cannot be seen. It is in our actions. People should not play the roles of faith people, they should be them.

I was impressed by how the importance of public opinion is shown in the movie. It is truly so. I’m evaluated everywhere. At home my parents want me to play the role of the obedient child and doing everything what they think is right for me. In college I have to correspond to general standards of clothes and behavior. I just pretend my living and not living the life I want to live. I do what everyone wants me to do and just forget about my personal wants and beliefs. The importance of being yourself and thinking about personal experiences and opinion was so brightly depicted in the movie, that from that time I have never forgotten about my internal voice and have never regretted that.

The way Vianne treated Joux made me reconsider my relationships with the opposite sex as well. Love is not the thing that can be seen in our actions. It is the feeling from inside. It is impossible to make person love you as well as fall in love with someone just having such desire. Love is a great power that cannot be controlled. It is not the possession. Love is equality and forgiveness. It is impossible to usurp the person that you have feelings to. I have definitely understood that I should provide an absolute freedom to whom I love and not to demand anything. I should enjoy that feeling inside of me and do not look for any proofs of it in other person.
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The Red Badge of Courage Essay

The Red Badge of Courage Analysis Essay

Any war is a tragedy for people. It brings grief and devastation and ruins millions of lives. At all times the aspiration to depict the war and to draw people’s attention to its ruinous induced authors to write books and to shoot films devoted to this topic. The American Civil War that started in 1861 and lasted for four years took lives of more than half a million people and left nearly the same number of people wounded. Assuredly, this war also became a topic of many books and films. In this paper, I am going to consider and to compare the book "The Red Badge of Courage" written by an American writer and journalist Stephen Crane and the film “The Cold Mountain” (a screen version of the novel by Charles Frazier), released by Anthony Minghella. Both of them depict the events of the Civil War.

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The book “The Red Badge of Courage” was published in 1895 and at first, American readers did not acknowledge the significance of the novel. It was more appreciated in England, which made American critics to reconsider their point of view. The book presented a new look upon the Civil War as earlier all depictions of this event were too idealistic and general. Crane changed the approach to the depiction of the Civil War. He focused on the feelings of a single soldier and showed how the war changed the psychological state of people.

“Cold Mountain” is a contemporary film that appeared in 2003 and won a number of rewards. The book that is the base of the film is also quite modern – it was published in 1997. However, despite the long period of time that passed since the War, the film fully describes all its horrors. Nevertheless, it covers a story absolutely different from the one of “The Red Badge of Courage”.

Both works touch upon the theme of masculinity as both of them have deserters as the main characters, which though have quite different reasons for such deed.

The main character of the book is Henry Fleming, who is a recruit that is afraid of the war and of battles, but most of all he is afraid of being coward. He views a war as a means to win glory and to become a hero. He is a young romantic man who does not fully realize the horror of the war. No wonder that when for the first time he fights in a battle, with no possibility to avoid it as he stands shoulder to shoulder with other soldiers, he is scared and he flees. Thus, he becomes a deserter.

However, he feels ashamed of his behavior, he joins a group of wounded soldiers but he cannot stay with them because their wounds are a reproach of his cowardice. He understands it perfectly well, yet he can’t return to the battlefield. He calls the wounds “the red badge of courage” and dreams to be wounded as well. While being a deserter, Henry’s outlook differs due to those events that happen to him. He sees wounded and dying people, in the forest he comes across a decaying body of a soldier, which horrifies him and shows the face of war one more time. Thereby we can watch how the main character matures, how his masculinity grows and his views are altered. At the end of the novel, Henry fights on a par with others and realizes that to win the glory is no more his aim. He just wants to be a member of the whole and wants to revenge for his killed fellows. Thus, he looses his selfishness and dreams about glory.

Comparing the book with the film “Cold Mountain” and Henry Flemming with W.P. Inman, we can see that they are absolutely different as well as their outlooks. Inman also flees from the army, but it is caused by his desire to be with his beloved, Ada, who faces difficulties and asks him to come back. Inman also performs a feat, but it is a feat for the sake of love and it has nothing to do with the war. Like Henry, Inman also does not fight, but his problem is not in fear or lack of courage. He is tired of battles, he wants to be with the woman he loves and he goes on foot back to Cold Mountain, the place where Ada lives. Is it a display of masculinity or of weakness?

It can de regarded from different points of view. On the one hand, Inman seems to be courageous.

The matter is that he does not display it in war, but in his relations with Ada. It is an exploit to become a deserter in order to help Ada to overcome great difficulties that she faces at home. It is necessary to note that Ada in her turn also performs a feat. She is a lady who has no idea of running a farm, however she has to do it to survive. Her father died and she has nobody to help her until uncouth Ruby Thewes, sent to her by kind neighbors, rescues her. Inman makes his long journey towards his home, knowing that he is going to be hunted by the guard that kills deserters.

Nevertheless, he keeps on and is eager to start a new life with Ada. They do not have a chance as Inman is killed by a “hunter”. On the other hand, we can say that like Henry, Inman also lacks courage to continue the war and he becomes a deserter.

Comparing these two characters and their behavior during the Civil war, we see that both of them present large social groups. Henry is the representative of those young men who do not know what a war is. Facing the reality, they get frightened and lack courage. Nevertheless, the war changes them.

They learn to be strong and to get rid of selfishness and dreams about glory. Inman represents those people who are simply tired of battles; they want to be at home with their families and to lead a calm and peaceful life.

To conclude, the topic of masculinity is covered in both works, which are similar in their aim. They show the ruinous effect of a war onto all people. People change their outlook, their way of life. Some of them mature, like Henry; others loose everything and sooner meet their death. In both cases, war overthrows people’s lives.
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